Michigan Journal of Public Affairs

By Kelly Roberson The military presence of Iran in the Strait of Hormuz presents a security dilemma for China concerning its imported energy supply lines and renewable energy market. The changing conditions incentivize China to further develop its domestic energy as the opportunity cost to produce becomes lower. With China

By Jannes Tiemes Michigan Public Act 233 of 2023 (PA 233) has barely been in effect for a year, but resistance against it has already led to two House bills (4027 and 4028) and a court case. This law’s appropriation of local control over green energy siting has expanded the

By Kelly Roberson Over the past twenty years, consecutive missteps in addressing China’s rise as a global superpower have rendered the United States’ Asian strategy defective. Haphazard adjustments from Soviet-style containment to direct blunting by American administrations have eroded goodwill and alienated potential allies. The United States must establish a

By Renee Sahatdjian As a young girl, I remember finding an old newspaper clipping wedged between dusty books in my mother’s room. It was a 1977 article with a headline that reflected the era’s indifference to violence against women: “Brooklyn Man [Commits] Suicide After Shooting His Wife and Son.” It

By Dr. Sharlette Kellum From Secrecy to Shared Security In 1977, residents of Colares Island in Brazil reported beams of light from unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAPs) that left burns and injuries, prompting an investigation by the Brazilian Air Force (BBC News Brasil, 2017). Decades later, UAPs evolved from rumor to

By Charlotte Cardel Political violence in the United States isn’t new. While this kind of high-profile, partisan violence aimed at influencing political behavior has occurred much throughout our nation’s history, it has not always been as polarizing as it is today. In the 1960s, The assassinations of President Kennedy, Martin

By Ian Kennedy Gen Z-led protests across Asia and Africa have brought social media’s political power to the forefront, fundamentally reshaping the landscape of modern dissent. As platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, and TikTok increasingly play a prominent role in uprisings worldwide, states have responded with internet blackouts and social

By Aaron Spitler For toymakers concerned with engaging the next generation of children, artificial intelligence (AI) could prove to be their trump card. To these companies, AI allows for a degree of personalization and interactivity that was previously not feasible. In a press release announcing their partnership with Open AI,

Executive Summary The European Investment Bank’s (EIB) concessional loan-based climate financing model under the Green Climate Fund is inefficient in addressing African Union’s(AU) climate change goals and exacerbates Africa’s debt crisis. Loan-based financing undermines the solvency and social stability of African nations, reduces the effectiveness of aid to achieve climate

With elections nearing and organized gangs controlling key supply routes, Haiti faces four possible futures. The best-case scenario is that elections occur and the newly national government successfully thwarts the gang’s efforts in controlling the supply chains, further legitimizing their power in Haiti. Alternatively, if the gangs interfere with elections,

The Issue of Smallpox Disease History Cause and Eradication Smallpox, caused by variola virus, had a mortality rate of 30%, and 65-80% of survivors developed scars. Based on the idea that survivors were resistant to repeat infection, people eventually developed methods of protection, like variolation and vaccination. In the 1900s,

African American individuals who are homeless face unique challenges—barriers often overlooked in public policy and social services. While homelessness is a significant issue in the U.S., the intersection of race, parenting, and systemic inequities intensifies the struggles of this group. According to the National Center on Family Homelessness (2020), African